Advances In Medicine Essays - Philippe Pinel, Perri Klass, Medicine

Advances In Medicine Essays - Philippe Pinel, Perri Klass, Medicine Advances In Medicine As the history of medicine has evolved, a number of trends and prevailing opinions have swept the profession. One of the most subtle, and yet most revealing results of these sweeping trends manifests itself by altering the tone in medical conversations and dialogues, often available to the non-medical person in the form of texts and literature. A relatively current example appears in the form of Perri Klass A Not Entirely Benign Procedure, a text dedicated to the experiences of the author at Harvard Medical School. Published in 1987, Klass work offers an interesting, if not shocking comparison to Philippe Pinels The Clinical Training of Doctors, an article published in 1783. It seems that, despite the obvious advancements and progress in medical technology and general care, the modern Klass presents less certainty about the profession and its abilities than does the eighteenth century article. In Pinels article, however, a distinct tone of holistic healing pervades the proposed train ing of physiciansthe lack of which Klass bemoans in her work. The contrast between the two works affords the reader a view into two parallel transitions in medicine: the decline of certainty and the decline of holistic care. One of the most shocking aspects of Pinels article involves the specificity in patient setting and observation he demands. From precise measurements of the weather to room orientations, Pinel seems to imply that precision in observation and care-giving will lead to precise diagnoses and eventual cures: It is obvious that medical observations can be precise and conclusive only if the evidence is reduced to the smallest possible number of facts and to the plainest data. The outline for the training of physicians Pinel proposes attempts to create an environment that allows the kind of precision that will lead to conclusive outcomes in patient care. Pinels demands range from the sensible to the seemingly outrageous. His proposal to closely scrutinize the diets of patients, as well as to experiment with these diets, seems to coincide with modern beliefs and practices. Indeed, just as Pinel recommends, one of the first and fundamental questions asked by any physician or health care provide r involves an investigation into previous food intake. Most of his section entitled Questions to ask upon admitting a patient conforms with modern practice. The more extreme requests and propositions, however, offer a more penetrating insight into his and his times beliefs concerning the potential of medicine. Pinel requires that his teaching hospital be equipped with a battery of meteorological instruments in order to enhance the level of precision in determining the potential influences on patients. To function accurately and properly, the physician must account for all possible influences on the health and condition of the patient: Notes on celestial observations, meteors, and the phases of the moon should complement the daily recordings from these [meteorological] instruments. Oddly, this level of observation requires a near impossible exertion of effort on the part of the physician, and it would be a wonder if the patient did not succumb to his illness by the time these initial observations were made. The implications of Pinels suggestions include the assumption that a cure can be found, and precise scientific scrutiny will inevitably reveal its location. As an interesting aside, Pinel wrote well before the time of scientists like Heisenberg (circa 1900), who helped elucidate the fundamental impossibility of knowing all the possible outcomes of a situation by merely understanding the initial conditions of that situationthe premise of modern Chaos Theory. Heisenbergs Uncertainty Principle was a watershed moment in the general paradigm of science in that it posited a limit on the accuracy of observation. Knowledge of the position of a particle came at the expense of knowledge of its velocity, and knowledge of velocity, at the expense of position. One of the hallmarks of modern science includes its attempts to cope with the realities and implications of unconquerable fundamental uncertainties. In some small way, Klass conveys this general scientific uncertainty from a personal perspective, which in turn reveals its presence in the entirety of medicine. In her segment entitled Curing, Klass depicts the presence of uncertainty in the modern medical profession. She does not deny that the expectation of cure still represents the model

Midland University - ACT Scores, Admit Rate More

Midland University - ACT Scores, Admit Rate More Midland University Admissions Overview: With an acceptance rate of 61%, Midland University is not a highly selective school. Students with good grades and test scores within or above the ranges listed below have a good chance of being accepted. To apply, those interested will need to submit an application, SAT or ACT scores, and high school transcripts. Check out Midlands website for more details. Admissions Data (2016): Midland University Acceptance Rate: 61%Test Scores 25th / 75th PercentileSAT Critical Reading: 420  / 520SAT Math: 420  / 535SAT Writing: - / -What these SAT numbers meanACT Composite: 19  / 24ACT English: 17 / 24ACT Math: 17  / 23What these ACT numbers mean Midland UniversityDescription: Located in Fremont, Nebraska, Midland University is a 4-year university on a 33-acre campus, and is affiliated with the Evangelical Lutheran Church in America (ELCA). Fremont is in the eastern part of the state, about a 45-minutes drive from Omaha, and has a population of about 25,000. Students can choose from over 30 majors at the undergraduate level, and a handful of masters degrees. Popular choices include Business Administration, Nursing, Accounting, Psychology, and Elementary Education. Academics are supported by an impressive 10 to 1 student / faculty ratio and an average class size of 18. Outside of the classroom, students can participate in a number of student-run clubs and organizations, such as: fraternities and sororities, academic-based clubs, honor societies, and performing arts groups. Since the school is affiliated with the ELCA, students have the opportunity to participate in a number of faith-based activities, including chapel services, bible studies, and service pro jects. In athletics, the Midland University Warriors compete in the National Association of Intercollegiate Athletics (NAIA), within the Great Plains Athletics Conference (GPAC). Midland sponsors 12 mens and 13 womens teams, with popular choices including Football, Wrestling, Soccer, Track and Field, and Bowling. Enrollment (2016): Total Enrollment: 1,709  (1,555 undergraduates)Gender Breakdown: 49% Male / 51% Female75% Full-time Costs (2016- 17): Tuition and Fees: $30,430Books: $1,020 (why so much?)Room and Board: $8,038Other Expenses: $2,412Total Cost: $41,900 Midland UniversityFinancial Aid (2015- 16): Percentage of New Students Receiving Aid: 100%Percentage of New Students Receiving Types of AidGrants: 100%Loans: 87%Average Amount of AidGrants: $17,058Loans: $6,368 Academic Programs: Most Popular Majors:  Business Administration, Marketing, Nursing, Elementary Education, Criminal Justice, Sports and Fitness Administration, Biology, Psychology, Accounting Transfer, Graduation and Retention Rates: First Year Student Retention (full-time students): 64%Transfer-out Rate: 40%4-Year Graduation Rate: 37%6-Year Graduation Rate: 46% Intercollegiate Athletic Programs: Mens Sports:  Football, Baseball, Basketball, Wrestling, Bowling, Golf, Soccer, Track and Field, Tennis, Cross CountryWomens Sports:  Basketball, Golf, Bowling, Cross Country, Soccer, Softball, Tennis, Track and Field, Wrestling, Lacrosse, Volleyball Data Source: National Center for Educational Statistics If You Like Midland University, You May Also Like These Colleges: Regis College:  ProfileBellevue University:  ProfileDrake University:  Profile  |  GPA-SAT-ACT GraphUniversity of Kansas:  Profile  |  GPA-SAT-ACT GraphWayne State College:  ProfileHastings College: ProfileUniversity of Wyoming:  Profile  |  GPA-SAT-ACT GraphColorado State University:  Profile  |  GPA-SAT-ACT GraphConcordia University Nebraska:  ProfileBriar Cliff University:  ProfileChadron State College:  ProfileCreighton University:  Profile  |  GPA-SAT-ACT GraphUniversity of Iowa:  Profile  |  GPA-SAT-ACT Graph

Forces of Globalization Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Forces of Globalization - Essay Example One such force is the dependency of some nations on others, as a result of the increased inequality between such countries. It is clear that some of the countries have developed to world economic powers as a result of their expertise, resources, and technology. On the other hand, most of the countries around the globe are still underdeveloped, with lack of proper technologies and expertise to exploit their resources. From the past, the relationship between these developed and underdeveloped countries has remained one of dependence, with the latter depending on the former for economic and political. In his book, Wright suggested that the Niumi people were dependent on the British during the colonial times and at a point, they remained without basic resources such as healthcare facilities, until they were built by the British. Such is still the case in the current world as the gap between the developed and developing countries has continuously increased, forcing the developing countrie s to develop in the developed countries for financial and humanitarian aid. International politics has also been an interestingly significant determinant of international interactions. Nations from various parts of the world have different political ambitions, some of which are taken into the international environment, leading to either formation of political alliances or conflict. Defined by different political boundaries, different nations are faced with the mandate to protect the interests and sovereignty of their people.

Organisational Transactions Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Organisational Transactions - Essay Example Similarly, to improve management in an organization, natural approach is admitted and a perception of exchange is laid which begins like: The process of give and take is known as Law of Reciprocity or exchange of currencies with an expectation to get the reward back. â€Å"Currencies† can also be referred as â€Å"favors† that one does for colleagues, managers or clients. An exchange of currencies could be in any gesture like a note of appreciation, praise in a meeting, raise in a salary, paid holidays etc (Brian Tracy, 2002). It all depends upon the relationship one has with his/her colleagues, managers or high officials and the number of currencies used among employees. This process nourishes when one develops strong alliances and build positive relationship with his team members and supports the idea that reciprocity is the fundamental principle of organizational transactions and should be done with the balance of equal returns. However, exchange of currencies is alw ays not possible but this is where the mutual understanding and compatibility differs. It mostly happens at higher level where approach of targeting objectives is unparallel among two senior officials and thus results in inconvertible currencies (Cohen, Bradford, 1989). FAILURE IN ORGANIZATIONAL TRANSACTIONS: (Cohen, Bradford, 1989), it is very important to deal the organizational transactions responsibly because it fails if the three factors are not dealt appropriately: Underestimation of potential allies: This explains that an influencer should never underestimate an employee but to weight them all as a potential allies. Understanding the ally’s world: An influencer should know what his allies want in return and how they want. Self awareness of an influencer: It is very important for an influencer to target the objectives instead of getting disoriented with what is to be achieved. PERSONAL PERSPECTIVE: To create a Leaderful Organization, thought process and approach have to be diversified to be benefited with this new theory. Personally, if I and my CEO share a same interest then there is nothing wrong in arranging a game with him as mentioned, he is also a good squash player. It could be very overwhelming and different if a boss himself invites to play a game. And a situation can completely differ if a junior tries to influence a boss by inviting him for a game. There could be two different outcomes: positive and negative but consequences cannot be predicted until the outcome of the match is visible. Though, if the intention is just to invite him with open hearts, not for the sake of showing him down or proving himself but to have a healthy interaction besides official matters. This kind of exchange predicts Personal Related Currencies, in which one uplifts or upholds self esteem, values and identity and both share the task which increases their skills and expertise. And the best part is the gratitude they show to each other. It is important to know and understand before arranging that what approach is suitable for a potential ally, an offer for a game first or a solution to a problem in an office first. Once the match is programmed and the boss is ready to face it positively, employee would try his hard to prove himself and boss himself would put his complete efforts to win the match. There is a possibility that if a boss loses, he

Imperfect Conscience in Dostoevskys Crime and Punishment Essay

Crime and Punishment:   Imperfect Conscience  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   A highly educated individual, avoiding the hardships of society while pondering the possibility of great wealth, Raskolnikov, in Fyodor Dostoevsky's "Crime and Punishment," frustrated with his immoral actions, suffers from an abrupt physical and mental breakdown after brutally mutilating a wicked pawnbroker. After this soul-scarring incident, the initial feelings of success in completing his mission quickly changes once he realizes possible flaws in his, otherwise considered, perfect murder. Raskolnikov's imperfect conscience finally comes to an emotional awakening once his saint, Sonya, an unintelligent prostitute, brings him the love, sensitivity, and inner serenity to help him confess to the murder he so coldly commits. After ruminating on the pessimistic consequences of this crude and selfish murder, a change in conscience comes over Raskolnikov. Once he understands the reality of the matter does he actually suffer a breakdown. Though he commits a very serious crime, Raskolnikov still refuses to believe its contin...

Fahrenheit 451 Essay

Fahrenheit 451 was written by Ray Bradbury and in this book I will be talking about on how this book is related to the theme censorship. I will be proving why censorship is related to the book. So why is the theme censorship important in the novel? Point I  Censorship was a very important theme in Fahrenheit 451 in a lot of different ways one of them is since people are not allowed to read books, so that is the most extreme form of censorship that exists. So according to Montag he said â€Å"I just want someone to hear what I have to say. And maybe if I talk long enough, it’ll make sense.† This means that nobody understands him the way Clarisse does. Here is another one, so in this statement Captain Beatty says â€Å"Its real beauty is that it destroys responsibility and consequences.† So he is saying that books don’t open people’s minds they destroy them it doesn’t show how they learn, but we know that it’s not true, since some books do help us in life. And one very interesting fact about the book is when Ray Bradbury wrote about the book it was in the McCarthy era, and he as concerned about the censorship in the United States. So he got an idea about it and thought about it, and so Fahrenheit 451 was born. Point II In the paperback edition released in 1979, Ray Bradbury wrote a new coda for the book containing multiple comments on censorship and its relation to the novel. The coda is also present in the mass market paperback, which is still in print. At other times, Ray Bradbury explained the theme of the book differently. Bradbury observed that the novel touches on the alienation of people by media. Another thing is that this book and theme does have a message for all of us, it’s that the anticensorship message has often been cited by opponents of book banning in the United States. This means people also have to look out on what they are reading. ` Point III Another thing that I would like to point out is that the book explains on how Firemen also burn books, that there is censorship since they are using their materials not for job purposes but for just burning books. And that Captain Beatty there leader just cares about how his firemen finish the job, that another censorship since Beatty only cares about the money. Also how in one of the quotes a pointed out was when Montag wishes that he could be heard, he wishes that people can understand him better. That is another sign of censorship, you also can’t even touch a book, well you can but people say that they are scared of books, and even owning a book is illegal so this book does have a lot of censorship on it. Here is one very good statement in the book that I thought was good it was said by Captain Beatty according to him he said â€Å"What traitors books can be! You think they’re backing you up, and they turn on you. Others can use them too, and there you are, lost in the middle of the moor, in a great welter of nouns and verbs and adjectives.† Which is significant because he is saying that when you read books you keep on learning which is good but for Beatty it’s just nonsense and these books can turn you into something good, but for Beatty he thinks that you’ll turn into a bad influence for children. Conclusion: So all in all this is why the books main theme is censorship lots or burning books, no one can even own or touch a book and how people don’t even know if books are bad or good.

Marx s Critique On Capitalism - 1474 Words

â€Å"All of human history is nothing but the creation of humanity by human labor† Karl Marx believed that in order to change the world, there must be a change in the socioeconomic system of a society. As a philosopher, an economist and a nation builder, Marx’s efforts inspired the foundations of multiple Communist regimes during the Enlightenment Period. As the most important theoretician and prominent leader of a growing international labor movement, Marx considered various principles on the morality of human nature. For instance, he was committed to the thought that human nature had been distorted by Capitalism and therefore it could only be restored to its true potential through the assistance of Socialism and Communism. In addition, he questioned the capacities and boundaries of human nature, in order to justify the advances of revolutions during the 1800s. To validate his theories on the oppression of one class by another, it became necessary for him to resist the misuse of arguments he considered on human nature. Essentially, Marx’s critique on Capitalism was based on two fundamental issues: Alienation and Exploitation of the production of labor. In a sense, alienation is associated with human nature, while exploitation is related to the economics of the social system. He rejected the traditional theory of theoretical-philosophical humanism. Marx argued that the conception of the individual or human nature is determined by the form and the evolution patternd of society.Show MoreRelatedMarx And Engels s Critique And Critique Of Capitalism1669 Words   |  7 PagesThe specialised critique of capitalism found in the Communist Manifesto (written by Karl Marx and Fredrick Engels), provides a basis for the analysis and critique of the capitalist system. 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Emma Hentschel ID : 216152064  Do Marx s views on capitalism provide any insights into economic globalisation today? Globalization in one of the main driving forces within today s modern world. It is the historical process and transformational development in the global arena, where growth and establishment of global connections in the international community continues to evolve. It is a widely used phraseRead MoreAdam Smith And Karl Marx1674 Words   |  7 PagesI. Adam Smith and Karl Marx Contemporary economics are best explained by comparing two foundational thinkers that have contributed to the better understanding of liberalism, one being its proponent Adam Smith and the other being its most significant critic, Karl Marx. Both thinkers are profoundly important in locating and investigating the roots of neoliberalism as well as exploring alternatives ways to challenge neoliberal economics in the face of its post-cold war expansion as the inevitable andRead MoreSocial Grievances : Contests Between Exploiting And The Exploited1695 Words   |  7 PagesRyan Beattie Professor Billingsley Hist 5 M/W @1030 10 OCT 15 Social Grievances: Contests between exploiting and the exploited Karl Marx and Frederick Engels, The Communist Manifesto (New York: International Publishers, 1948 edition), 48 pages The industrial revolution of the mid 19th century brought about a rapid advancement in the production of goods, urbanized the population and concentrated vast amounts of wealth and power into the hands of a few. Coupled with the liberal idea ofRead MoreKarl Marx And The Communist Manifesto1453 Words   |  6 Pagesideology of communism itself, Marx declared that the â€Å"history of all hitherto existing society is the history of class struggles† (Marx, Karl and Frederick Engels). As a man who spurred resentment of governments and inspired revolutionaries, Karl Marx is often regarded as a man who led to the rise of 20th century tyrannical dictators such as Stalin and Mao to take power. His ideas are regarded as failures and, by some, are seen as pure evil. However, the ideas of Marx were not evil and did not solely